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1、KD-2,3 Drinking Water Iron and Manganese Removal Filter Media Specifications
The iron and manganese removal filter media is available in two types: 1) reusable, and 2) manganese sand replacement.
I. (1) Bulk Density: 1.1
(2) Purification Method: Adsorption and ion exchange.
(3) Operation: Upward water flow and upward regeneration.
(4) Filtration Rate: 4-8 meters per hour, adjusted based on iron and manganese concentration. For 1 mg/L iron and 0.4 mg/L manganese, use a filtration rate of 7 meters per hour.
(5) Media Layer Height: Minimum 1.4 meters; the higher, the better, up to 2.8 meters. Layer height also depends on iron and manganese concentration. For manganese levels above 3 mg/L, multi-stage treatment is recommended.
(6) Maximum Operating Range: Iron 10 mg/L, Manganese 3 mg/L.
(7) Working Adsorption Capacity: 3000-5000 mg/L, depending on ① raw water concentration ② interference from coexisting ions in the water ③ pH value. Higher raw water concentration increases adsorption capacity; more coexisting cations increase interference and lower efficiency.
(8) Regeneration: Soak in a saturated saline solution for 4 hours. As a replacement for manganese sand, it does not require regeneration and can be used long-term with periodic backwashing.
II. KD-2,3 drinking water iron and manganese removal filter media can replace manganese sand and has filtration retention functions similar to manganese sand and quartz sand, capturing oxidized insoluble iron at the top of the media layer to reduce iron content in the output to drinking water standards. After aeration, the media decomposes biological membranes to remove iron and manganese.
This method provides complete iron and manganese removal within its applicable range, producing high-quality water, with low operational costs, high water yield (99%+), and easy maintenance (requires backwashing every 2-3 months with no daily maintenance needed).
2. Disadvantages of Using Manganese Sand Filter Media
During water purification, manganese sand has a limited lifespan, and its effectiveness in iron and manganese removal is reduced by the presence of iron and iron oxides like Fe₂O₃ and FeO. To enhance the iron and manganese removal efficacy of manganese sand, an aeration step is required before manganese sand treatment.
Natural manganese sand pools typically require 5-15 minutes of backwashing. The "active filter membrane" on the surface of natural manganese sand is fragile and can be damaged by prolonged washing, leading to serious degradation in filtered water quality.
Some locations have built iron and manganese removal plants, but their effectiveness is limited. The cost of preparing modified filter media is high, making it unsuitable for large water treatment plants. Research on iron and manganese removal through iron-active and manganese-active membranes is still experimental, and the technology is not yet mature.
Our KD-2,3 drinking water iron and manganese removal filter media is lightweight, requiring less volume for the same application. Its backwash intensity is over 30% lower than quartz sand and manganese sand, reducing the size of the backwash pump and saving backwash water volume. The media is resistant to breaking and clogging, with a high specific surface area for greater biofilm loading. Its zeolite adsorption capability makes it over three times more effective at iron and manganese removal than manganese sand, with a lifespan 2-6 times longer than manganese or quartz sand, significantly reducing operating costs. It is easy to manage and saves labor.
· Softening Filter Media Specifications and Applications
Our softening filter media is suitable for groundwater, drinking water, hotel water, bathing water, and industrial water softening. It can also be used for pretreatment in boiler water resin softening. The media is heat-resistant and releases beneficial trace elements. Ideal for boiler water softening, it can filter and soften water, reducing hardness from up to 1000 mg/L to around 40 mg/L. The product offers high softening performance, cost-efficiency, simple operation, is unaffected by ion interference, is easy to backwash, can filter impurities while softening, and serves multiple purposes, saving costs. It is regenerable, restoring 100% of its capacity.
· Bioactivated Zeolite Specifications and Applications
Currently, active sludge and its modified processes are widely used in urban sewage treatment. This method removes soluble and colloidal biodegradable organic matter, suspended solids, and other substances adsorbed by active sludge, as well as part of the phosphorus and nitrogen content. This is a passive adsorption method.
Our bioactivated zeolite provides active adsorption, with a bacterial load more than five times that of active sludge, and an adsorption performance and removal rate 2-3 times higher than active sludge.
· Silver-Loaded Zeolite Filter Media Technology
The nano inorganic antibacterial agent is a powdered material prepared using nano-assembly technology. Through processes involving the combination of antimicrobial metal ions and clusters within nanoscale pores, stabilization, controlled release, ultrafine treatment, surface treatment, and the addition of auxiliaries, this product achieves stable, efficient, long-lasting, broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and compatibility with inorganic antibacterial systems. This product can be combined with various resin emulsion antibacterial agents to produce inorganic antibacterial agents, adding antimicrobial functionality without affecting other properties or the production process.
· Antibacterial Mechanism
Microbes interact with the surface of the antibacterial agent or released antibacterial components. The antibacterial components adsorb pathogens and react with active groups such as thiol (-SH) and amino (-NH₃) groups in enzyme proteins, causing protein precipitation or deactivation, leading to a halt in energy and respiration metabolism. (2) Nano-antibacterial components have advanced catalytic capabilities, especially in a stable activated state within the carrier. Interaction with oxygen in water and air produces reactive oxygen species (H₂O, H₂O⁺, O₂⁻), which possess strong oxidation ability, destroying various biological macromolecules and membranes within microbial cells, rendering them inactive.
Performance Indicators:
A. Antibacterial Performance
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC, %W/V): E. coli 0.1, Staphylococcus aureus 0.025; Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC, %W/V): E. coli 0.5, Staphylococcus aureus 1;
Antibacterial Rate (%): E. coli 97.0, Staphylococcus aureus 95.9;
B. Physical Properties
Appearance: Light green powder; white powder.
Particle Size: Over 90% under 2 µm (d90<2 µm), 100% under 10 µm (d100=10 µm),
Average Particle Diameter: 0.8 µm (d50=0.8 µm);
Density: 2.75 g/cm³
Stability: Insoluble in water, acid, alkali solutions, and organic solvents, with thermal stability;
Toxic Elements: Pb<100 ppm; Hg<0.001 ppm; As<100 ppm
C. Application Performance
This product, processed and formulated into an antibacterial agent, achieves an antibacterial rate above 95% against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. When directly added to finished inorganic antibacterial agents, it achieves an antibacterial rate of over 93%.
Application | Antibacterial Agent | Recommended Dosage (%) | Sterilization Rate (%) |
Sanitary ware, ceramics | Ceramic Antibacterial Agent | 2-4% | 99.96% |
Plastics | Plastic Antibacterial Agent | 0.5-1.5% | 99.89% |
Paper, paint, coatings | Paper, Paint, Coating Antibacterial Agent | 0.2-1.5% | 99.93% |
Polypropylene, polyester, nylon, synthetic fibers | Fiber Antibacterial Agent | 0.5-1.5% | 99.95% |
Note: Store antibacterial agents in sealed, light-protected conditions. Max processing temperature should not exceed 1100°C, and avoid contact with iron containers during use.
Zinc-Loaded Zeolite Technology and Applications
Zinc-Loaded Zeolite Technology:
Zinc-loaded zeolite shares antibacterial properties with silver-loaded zeolite, though its bactericidal strength is slightly lower. However, zinc-loaded zeolite is significantly more cost-effective—up to dozens of times cheaper than silver-loaded zeolite—making it highly suitable for widespread application.
- Feed Additive Application: Zinc-loaded zeolite can be used as a feed additive for pigs, enhancing immunity and promoting growth. When combined with acetic acid and nano zinc oxide in specific ratios, it helps prevent foot-and-mouth disease in pigs.
- Coatings Application: Zinc-loaded zeolite, ground to a 300-mesh powder, can be added to coatings, forming a zinc layer that protects against mold in humid environments. This zinc-rich coating has immense application potential in metal paint.
- Paint Additive: Ultra-fine zinc-loaded zeolite powder can be added to paint, enhancing its corrosion resistance and antibacterial properties.
Water Treatment Filter Media Applications:
Our zeolite series products are widely used in various water treatment applications, including:
- Drinking Water: Effective in purifying drinking water.
- Industrial and Wastewater Treatment: Suitable for industrial wastewater and general filtration systems, such as quick filter pools, sewage filters, multi-media filters, and integrated purification systems.
- Boiler Water Softening: Ideal for softening small and medium-sized boiler water, removing calcium and magnesium ions to reduce scaling and corrosion, extending boiler life.
- Textile Wastewater Treatment: Zeolite achieves COD removal rates of 86%-92%, BOD removal rates of 99%, and color reduction of 77%-79%, thanks to its large specific surface area, strong ion exchange capabilities, and suitability for microbial attachment.
1、KD-2,3 Drinking Water Iron and Manganese Removal Filter Media Specifications
The iron and manganese removal filter media is available in two types: 1) reusable, and 2) manganese sand replacement.
I. (1) Bulk Density: 1.1
(2) Purification Method: Adsorption and ion exchange.
(3) Operation: Upward water flow and upward regeneration.
(4) Filtration Rate: 4-8 meters per hour, adjusted based on iron and manganese concentration. For 1 mg/L iron and 0.4 mg/L manganese, use a filtration rate of 7 meters per hour.
(5) Media Layer Height: Minimum 1.4 meters; the higher, the better, up to 2.8 meters. Layer height also depends on iron and manganese concentration. For manganese levels above 3 mg/L, multi-stage treatment is recommended.
(6) Maximum Operating Range: Iron 10 mg/L, Manganese 3 mg/L.
(7) Working Adsorption Capacity: 3000-5000 mg/L, depending on ① raw water concentration ② interference from coexisting ions in the water ③ pH value. Higher raw water concentration increases adsorption capacity; more coexisting cations increase interference and lower efficiency.
(8) Regeneration: Soak in a saturated saline solution for 4 hours. As a replacement for manganese sand, it does not require regeneration and can be used long-term with periodic backwashing.
II. KD-2,3 drinking water iron and manganese removal filter media can replace manganese sand and has filtration retention functions similar to manganese sand and quartz sand, capturing oxidized insoluble iron at the top of the media layer to reduce iron content in the output to drinking water standards. After aeration, the media decomposes biological membranes to remove iron and manganese.
This method provides complete iron and manganese removal within its applicable range, producing high-quality water, with low operational costs, high water yield (99%+), and easy maintenance (requires backwashing every 2-3 months with no daily maintenance needed).
2. Disadvantages of Using Manganese Sand Filter Media
During water purification, manganese sand has a limited lifespan, and its effectiveness in iron and manganese removal is reduced by the presence of iron and iron oxides like Fe₂O₃ and FeO. To enhance the iron and manganese removal efficacy of manganese sand, an aeration step is required before manganese sand treatment.
Natural manganese sand pools typically require 5-15 minutes of backwashing. The "active filter membrane" on the surface of natural manganese sand is fragile and can be damaged by prolonged washing, leading to serious degradation in filtered water quality.
Some locations have built iron and manganese removal plants, but their effectiveness is limited. The cost of preparing modified filter media is high, making it unsuitable for large water treatment plants. Research on iron and manganese removal through iron-active and manganese-active membranes is still experimental, and the technology is not yet mature.
Our KD-2,3 drinking water iron and manganese removal filter media is lightweight, requiring less volume for the same application. Its backwash intensity is over 30% lower than quartz sand and manganese sand, reducing the size of the backwash pump and saving backwash water volume. The media is resistant to breaking and clogging, with a high specific surface area for greater biofilm loading. Its zeolite adsorption capability makes it over three times more effective at iron and manganese removal than manganese sand, with a lifespan 2-6 times longer than manganese or quartz sand, significantly reducing operating costs. It is easy to manage and saves labor.
· Softening Filter Media Specifications and Applications
Our softening filter media is suitable for groundwater, drinking water, hotel water, bathing water, and industrial water softening. It can also be used for pretreatment in boiler water resin softening. The media is heat-resistant and releases beneficial trace elements. Ideal for boiler water softening, it can filter and soften water, reducing hardness from up to 1000 mg/L to around 40 mg/L. The product offers high softening performance, cost-efficiency, simple operation, is unaffected by ion interference, is easy to backwash, can filter impurities while softening, and serves multiple purposes, saving costs. It is regenerable, restoring 100% of its capacity.
· Bioactivated Zeolite Specifications and Applications
Currently, active sludge and its modified processes are widely used in urban sewage treatment. This method removes soluble and colloidal biodegradable organic matter, suspended solids, and other substances adsorbed by active sludge, as well as part of the phosphorus and nitrogen content. This is a passive adsorption method.
Our bioactivated zeolite provides active adsorption, with a bacterial load more than five times that of active sludge, and an adsorption performance and removal rate 2-3 times higher than active sludge.
· Silver-Loaded Zeolite Filter Media Technology
The nano inorganic antibacterial agent is a powdered material prepared using nano-assembly technology. Through processes involving the combination of antimicrobial metal ions and clusters within nanoscale pores, stabilization, controlled release, ultrafine treatment, surface treatment, and the addition of auxiliaries, this product achieves stable, efficient, long-lasting, broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and compatibility with inorganic antibacterial systems. This product can be combined with various resin emulsion antibacterial agents to produce inorganic antibacterial agents, adding antimicrobial functionality without affecting other properties or the production process.
· Antibacterial Mechanism
Microbes interact with the surface of the antibacterial agent or released antibacterial components. The antibacterial components adsorb pathogens and react with active groups such as thiol (-SH) and amino (-NH₃) groups in enzyme proteins, causing protein precipitation or deactivation, leading to a halt in energy and respiration metabolism. (2) Nano-antibacterial components have advanced catalytic capabilities, especially in a stable activated state within the carrier. Interaction with oxygen in water and air produces reactive oxygen species (H₂O, H₂O⁺, O₂⁻), which possess strong oxidation ability, destroying various biological macromolecules and membranes within microbial cells, rendering them inactive.
Performance Indicators:
A. Antibacterial Performance
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC, %W/V): E. coli 0.1, Staphylococcus aureus 0.025; Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC, %W/V): E. coli 0.5, Staphylococcus aureus 1;
Antibacterial Rate (%): E. coli 97.0, Staphylococcus aureus 95.9;
B. Physical Properties
Appearance: Light green powder; white powder.
Particle Size: Over 90% under 2 µm (d90<2 µm), 100% under 10 µm (d100=10 µm),
Average Particle Diameter: 0.8 µm (d50=0.8 µm);
Density: 2.75 g/cm³
Stability: Insoluble in water, acid, alkali solutions, and organic solvents, with thermal stability;
Toxic Elements: Pb<100 ppm; Hg<0.001 ppm; As<100 ppm
C. Application Performance
This product, processed and formulated into an antibacterial agent, achieves an antibacterial rate above 95% against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus. When directly added to finished inorganic antibacterial agents, it achieves an antibacterial rate of over 93%.
Application | Antibacterial Agent | Recommended Dosage (%) | Sterilization Rate (%) |
Sanitary ware, ceramics | Ceramic Antibacterial Agent | 2-4% | 99.96% |
Plastics | Plastic Antibacterial Agent | 0.5-1.5% | 99.89% |
Paper, paint, coatings | Paper, Paint, Coating Antibacterial Agent | 0.2-1.5% | 99.93% |
Polypropylene, polyester, nylon, synthetic fibers | Fiber Antibacterial Agent | 0.5-1.5% | 99.95% |
Note: Store antibacterial agents in sealed, light-protected conditions. Max processing temperature should not exceed 1100°C, and avoid contact with iron containers during use.
Zinc-Loaded Zeolite Technology and Applications
Zinc-Loaded Zeolite Technology:
Zinc-loaded zeolite shares antibacterial properties with silver-loaded zeolite, though its bactericidal strength is slightly lower. However, zinc-loaded zeolite is significantly more cost-effective—up to dozens of times cheaper than silver-loaded zeolite—making it highly suitable for widespread application.
- Feed Additive Application: Zinc-loaded zeolite can be used as a feed additive for pigs, enhancing immunity and promoting growth. When combined with acetic acid and nano zinc oxide in specific ratios, it helps prevent foot-and-mouth disease in pigs.
- Coatings Application: Zinc-loaded zeolite, ground to a 300-mesh powder, can be added to coatings, forming a zinc layer that protects against mold in humid environments. This zinc-rich coating has immense application potential in metal paint.
- Paint Additive: Ultra-fine zinc-loaded zeolite powder can be added to paint, enhancing its corrosion resistance and antibacterial properties.
Water Treatment Filter Media Applications:
Our zeolite series products are widely used in various water treatment applications, including:
- Drinking Water: Effective in purifying drinking water.
- Industrial and Wastewater Treatment: Suitable for industrial wastewater and general filtration systems, such as quick filter pools, sewage filters, multi-media filters, and integrated purification systems.
- Boiler Water Softening: Ideal for softening small and medium-sized boiler water, removing calcium and magnesium ions to reduce scaling and corrosion, extending boiler life.
- Textile Wastewater Treatment: Zeolite achieves COD removal rates of 86%-92%, BOD removal rates of 99%, and color reduction of 77%-79%, thanks to its large specific surface area, strong ion exchange capabilities, and suitability for microbial attachment.
